The hardening of the arteries associated with the cascade of events that lead to vessel blockage is called _______________.

The correct answer refers to arteriosclerosis, which is a general term that encompasses the thickening and hardening of the arterial walls. This condition is often associated with aging and can lead to reduced blood flow and increased blood pressure due to the loss of elasticity in arterial vessels.

Arteriosclerosis can pave the way for more severe cardiovascular issues, including ischemic heart disease and strokes, since the hardening of the arteries can restrict blood flow to vital organs. This process is vital to understand as it relates to overall cardiovascular health and the risks associated with lifestyle factors such as diet and exercise.

The other terms mentioned do not accurately describe the hardening of arteries in the same context. For instance, atherosclerosis, while it involves a buildup of plaques in the arteries leading to a narrowing and blockage, is a specific form of arteriosclerosis. Therefore, while both arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis involve changes to arterial walls, the broader term is more accurate in this context.

Orthostatic hypotension refers to a drop in blood pressure when a person stands up, not related to the hardening of arteries. On the other hand, vascular depolarization typically refers to the electrical changes in muscle tissue, particularly in the heart, and does