What energy system is primarily utilized during a 100 Meter Sprint?

During a 100-meter sprint, the energy system that is primarily utilized is the creatine phosphate system, also known as the phosphagen system. This system provides immediate energy for high-intensity efforts lasting around 10 to 15 seconds, which aligns perfectly with the duration of a typical 100-meter sprint.

Creatine phosphate, stored in the muscles, donates a phosphate group to adenosine diphosphate (ADP) to rapidly regenerate adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the energy currency of the cell. This system operates without the need for oxygen (anaerobic), allowing for the quick release of energy necessary for sprinting.

While anaerobic glycolysis also contributes to energy production during short, high-intensity activities, it primarily kicks in after the creatine phosphate stores are depleted, typically after about 10 seconds of maximal effort. In the case of a 100-meter sprint, the reliance on creatine phosphate dominates because the event duration is short enough to allow this system to supply energy before glycolysis becomes significantly involved.

The other energy systems mentioned, such as aerobic metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation, are more relevant during prolonged, lower-intensity activities where oxygen can be utilized for sustained energy production. These systems play