Which hormone is released during a back squat at 85% of the 1RM for 3 sets of 5 repetitions?

During a back squat performed at 85% of the one-repetition maximum (1RM) for 3 sets of 5 repetitions, the body experiences significant physical stress and an increased demand for energy. This scenario is characterized by high-intensity resistance training, which is known to stimulate the release of various hormones, particularly anabolic hormones that support muscle growth and recovery.

Testosterone is one of the key hormones released in response to such high-intensity strength training. It plays a crucial role in promoting muscle hypertrophy, increasing protein synthesis, and enhancing recovery. The exercise stress and the resultant muscle microtrauma from performing heavy squats signal the endocrine system to increase testosterone levels, as the body aims to adapt to this stress by building stronger and larger muscle fibers.

In contrast, insulin, cortisol, and glucagon have different primary functions. Insulin is mainly involved in glucose uptake and storage, cortisol is associated with stress responses and metabolic regulation, and glucagon primarily works to increase blood glucose levels during periods of fasting or low carbohydrate availability. While cortisol may be released during intense exercise as part of the stress response, it is not the hormone primarily responsible for the anabolic effects from heavy resistance training; that role predominantly falls to testosterone. Thus, in the context