Which hormone plays a key role in conserving sugar and maintaining blood glucose levels?

Cortisol is a hormone produced by the adrenal glands and plays a significant role in regulating metabolism, particularly during periods of stress. Among its various functions, cortisol helps to maintain blood glucose levels by increasing gluconeogenesis, the process where the liver converts non-carbohydrate sources into glucose. Although cortisol does have an impact on blood sugar levels, its primary role is not to conserve sugar but rather to ensure that sufficient energy is available during times of stress.

In the context of blood glucose regulation, insulin is the hormone that plays a crucial role in conserving sugar and maintaining stable blood glucose levels. When food is consumed, particularly carbohydrates, insulin is released by the pancreas to facilitate the uptake of glucose by cells, allowing them to use it for energy or store it as glycogen in the liver and muscle tissues. This action helps to lower blood glucose levels after meals.

Glucagon, on the other hand, functions as a counter-regulatory hormone to insulin. It raises blood glucose levels by stimulating the liver to release stored glucose. Thyroxine primarily regulates metabolism and energy expenditure but is not directly involved in sugar conservation.

Understanding the distinction of each hormone's role helps in grasping the dynamics of glucose metabolism. Insulin's main function is to promote